ABSTRACT
Objectives@#This study aimed to compare the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, and the coping styles among physicians and nurses in a COVID-19 referral hospital in Manila from June to July 2020.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional study among medical residents and nurses selected via convenience sampling was employed. Data were obtained through COVID Stressors and Stress Reduction Questionnaire, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21, and Filipino Coping Strategies Scale. Descriptive and inferential analysis of data was done. @*Results@#Five hundred seventy-one (571) healthcare workers (total population: 1,650 nurses and physicians) participated in the study, representing 81.6% of the computed sample size of 700 respondents. Among the participants, 60.6 %, 69.0%, 48.9% reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Nineteen percent (19%) of nurses reported severe to extremely severe depression, and 42.0% reported severe to extremely severe anxiety. In contrast, 30.8% of residents reported severe to extremely severe depression, and 28.4% conveyed severe to extremely severe anxiety. There was no association observed between perceived levels of stress between the two healthcare professions. There were more mildly to extremely severe anxious healthcare workers in the COVID areas (74.6%) compared to the non-COVID areas (61.2%). Differences in coping styles were observed among the participants’ clinico-demographic characteristics. Top healthcare worker stressors include being negligent and endangering co-workers (88.6%), frequent modification of infection control procedures (87.0%), and discomfort from protective equipment (81.4%). Top stress-reducing factors include provision of food and vitamins (86.7%), sufficient rest (84.2%), and support from higher-ranking colleagues (73.7%). @*Conclusion@#This study has shown that more than half of the healthcare workers reported mild to extreme levels of depression and anxiety, while a little less than half reported mild to extreme levels of stress. The development and implementation of hospital interventions and programs based on the sources of distress and stress-reducing factors is recommended to mitigate the impact of sustained psychological distress on mental health and physical wellbeing of hospital healthcare workers.
Subject(s)
Psychological DistressABSTRACT
Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue indagar sobre los recursos psicosociales asociados al bienestar subjetivo de adultos que experimentaron sentimientos de ausencia de alguno de los padres. Se aplicó entrevista semiestructurada y algunas láminas del Test de Apercepción Temática (TAT) a nueve personas que voluntariamente aceptaron participar y cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Se encontró que los recursos psicosociales mediaron para que las personas, a pesar de haber experimentado ausencia de alguno de los padres, construyeran bienestar subjetivo. Esto es de suma significación, pues, en la medida en que se ofrezca a niños y jóvenes otros medios o recursos para hacerle frente a los sentimientos de ausencia, habrá más posibilidades de construir bienestar ante una realidad de padres cada vez más ausentes.
Abstract The main objective of this survey was to inquire about the psychosocial resources, related with the subjective wellbeing of adults who experienced absence of some of the parents. We carried out semi-structured interview and some Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) prints to 9 nine people that freely accepted to participate and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. We found that the psychosocial resources were means so that the people, even if they experienced absence of some of their parents, could build a subjective wellbeing. This is quite relevant, because as far as we can offer to kids and young people some other possibilities or resources to face the feelings of absence, there will be more possibilities to build up wellbeing in front of Parents increasingly absent.
Subject(s)
Humans , Family , Psychosocial Impact , Family Leave , AbsenteeismABSTRACT
De acuerdo con los resultados de la encuesta de Profamilia (2010) y del Mapa Mundial de la Familia (Trends, 2013) los niños y jóvenes están creciendo con la ausencia física de alguno de los padres y algunos, a pesar de la presencia física de ellos, experimentan sentimientos de ausencia, pues al parecer han cambiado las formas de acompañamiento. Se hace necesario indagar por los recursos alternativos a la familia con los que están contando las nuevas generaciones, con el fin de ofrecer otras posibilidades desde lo social, institucional, personal, familiar, comunitario, que permita la construcción de bienestar en las personas. El objetivo del presente artículo de revisión es mostrar las diferentes investigaciones de los últimos diez años relacionadas con recursos psicosociales, bienestar subjetivo y sentimientos de ausencia. La metodología utilizada fue el rastreo de fuentes bibliográficas producto de investigación y de revisión teórica. Los resultadosrevelan que las personas cuentan con instituciones, grupos, comunidades y recursos internos que les permiten construir un proyecto de vida que genere bienestar
According to the results found on the Profamilia survey (2010) and the World Family Map (Trends, 2013), children and young people are growing with the physical absence of either of their parents and some, in spite of their physical presence, experience feelings of absence, since it seems that forms of accompaniment have changed. It has become necessary to look into the resources, alternative to the family, new generations draw on, so that social, institutional, personal, family, and community options are available for the building of wellbeing among people. The purpose of the present revision paper is to show different studies carried out in the last ten years, which are related to psychosocial resources, subjective well-being and feelings of absence. The methodology used was the tracking of bibliographical references which are research products as well as theoretical revision. The results show that people rely on institutions, groups, communities and internal resources allowing them a life project which generates well-being.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Child Rearing , Parent-Child Relations , Child Welfare , Loneliness/psychologyABSTRACT
In this article, we critically reviewed various literatures on stress and adjustment in medical schools as a preliminary work for the future empirical study. We adopted Biopsychosocial Model as the frame of reference, which considers not only the relationship between stressor and psychological distress, but also their interaction with moderating variables such as psychosocial resources and vulnerabilities. According to the model, three important aspects of medical school stress were reviewed: 1) the types of medical school stresses, 2) the adverse effects of stressors on the adjustment such as depression, anxiety, physical symptoms, drug abuse, eating problem, attrition, change of attitude and personality, etc, 3) the moderating effects of various vulnerabilities and resources including Type A behavior pattern, masculinity/femininity, locus of control, optimism, anger expression, coping style, social support, and study skills on the suppression or development of psychological distress. Investigating the moderating variables in particular may have great clinical implications since these variables are closely related to the psychological factors concerning successful adjustment in medical school. Conclusions drawn from this review suggests several directions of future research. First, a comprehensive study which covers the whole process of medical school stress is recommended. Longitudinal design will be more suitable for dealing with the developmental features of medical education. Finally, the severity of medical school stress must be compared with the stress of general colleges and other professional graduate schools. This article is expected to provide some theoretical basis for future studies regarding the successful adjustment in the medical school, the development of preventive intervention programs and the reform of medical education systems.